depth of field |
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I asked myself a little while ago, “what is the single biggest attribute” that makes a “Photorealistic Image” look “Photorealistic”. All of the following individual attributes contribute to the overall Photorealistic effect: Colour ~ Perspective ~ Lighting ~ Textures ~ Shadows ~ Reflections and Scenery etc, but not all of the above put together can't give the same visual impact as “ depth of field ”. Depth of field is part of our every day existence. It is very subtle on one hand and yet so dramatic on the other. But first, a little bit about depth of field : If you are a photographer you will know exactly what depth of field is. If not, try holding a finger at arms length and a finger a few inches away from your eyes and make like you are aiming a rifle. You cannot see both fingers at the same time in focus. You can actually feel the muscles in your eye changing the shape of the retina in order to change the focal length of the lens in your eye to focus on one or the other fingers (but you will not be able to focus on BOTH at the same time). This is depth of field . The technical reason for this and why it happens are outside the scope of this example, but depth of field is a function of focal length and aperture size. Just like the SLR camera settings. Nearly all Photorealistic Images suffer from the same affliction, “perfection”. What's wrong with perfection I hear you say! Let me explain what I believe is wrong with perfection. Have you noticed when looking at a Photorealistic image of an interior or exterior, EVERYTHING is in perfect focus. I don't know of a camera that can do that. What no camera can do, and come to that, what no human being can do, is focus all objects in a room that are at differing distances on the retina simultaneously |
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By definition, depth of field is a function of focal length. The eye actually changes its effective focal length to accommodate different distances, and therefore depth of field is effected. What we are trying to achieve is “Photorealistic Images”. So, computers can achieve perfection, and make everything in perfect focus, and therefore, by definition the images they produce are not “Photorealistic”. I have noticed that more and more rendering packages are using depth of field (as a tool) for incorporating this effect into Photorealistic images. I'm a devoted AutoCAD user, and have been looking at ways to utilise depth of field as a technique for use with our rendered images. I believe you will be able to use depth of field with AutoCAD 2007, but for those that do not intend to upgrade just yet, or use a different package altogether, I'll share with you a secret that gets good results even if you still use AutoCAD R13 or older! Basically, all you need to do is “defocus” your backdrops / textures / bitmaps first, using Photoshop or the like. Follow the drop down menu sequence Filter> Blur> gaussian blur in Photoshop. The actual settings you can experiment with. I have defocused a near and far subject in the sample image on this page, (view thru window) and (picture / brick wall) near. You can also see the comparison with the non-edited version of the image. The impact of adopting the depth of field phenomenon cannot be overestimated. It can make a colossal impact on your renderings. Earlier I stated, “Nearly all supposedly "Photorealistic Images" suffer from the same affliction, “perfection”. I chose the word affliction purposely. The reason I believe it's an affliction is because you are using Photorealistic Images to sell your Buildings, Architecture and Products. It helps to show typically what the view looks like across the way, but people know what birds and trees look like. You don't want your potential clients commenting on how nice the house is across the river. You want them to focus on YOUR design. Depth of Field gives clarity to the image by de-cluttering the detail and "focus" on what matters (your design). Hopefully, when you look at the image above with depth of field , it somehow says, don't even ask…of course it's a real photograph. |
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